Saturday 31 March 2012

methylergonovine oral and injectable


Generic Name: methylergonovine (oral and injectable) (meth il er GON o veen)

Brand Names: Methergine


What is methylergonovine?

Methylergonovine is in a group of drugs called ergot alkaloids. It affects the smooth muscle of a woman's uterus, improving the muscle tone as well as the strength and timing of uterine contractions.


Methylergonovine is used just after a baby is born, to help deliver the placenta (also called the "afterbirth"). It is also used to help control bleeding and to improve muscle tone in the uterus after childbirth.


Methylergonovine may also be used for purposes than those listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about methylergonovine?


You should not use methylergonovine during your pregnancy. This medication is to be used only after delivery of your baby. Methylergonovine may pass into breast milk in small amounts and could affect a nursing baby. In some cases, you will need to use this medication for up to 1 week after your baby is born. Talk with your doctor about whether you should breast-feed during that time. You may need to use a breast pump to establish and maintain your milk flow until your methylergonovine treatment is finished. Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have symptoms of possible methylergonovine overdose, such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, numbness or tingling, muscle twitching, feeling light-headed, fainting, shallow breathing, coldness, or seizure (convulsions).

There may be other drugs that can interact with methylergonovine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.


Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with methylergonovine and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor.


What should I discuss with my health care provider before using methylergonovine?


You should not use this medication if you have:

  • high blood pressure;




  • toxemia of pregnancy; or




  • if your baby has not yet been born.



If possible before you receive methylergonovine, tell your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease.


You should not use methylergonovine during your pregnancy. This medication is to be used only after delivery of your baby. Methylergonovine may pass into breast milk in small amounts and could affect a nursing baby. In some cases, you will need to use this medication for up to 1 week after your baby is born. Talk with your doctor about whether you should breast-feed during that time. You may need to use a breast pump to establish and maintain your milk flow until your methylergonovine treatment is finished.

How should I use methylergonovine?


Use exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.


Methylergonovine is injected into a muscle or into a vein through an IV. You will receive this injection while you are in the delivery room and for a short time after your baby is born, if needed.


Oral methylergonovine is taken as a tablet 3 or 4 times daily for up to 1 week after your baby is born. Follow your doctor's instructions.


Methylergonovine should not be used for longer than 1 week unless your doctor has told you otherwise. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

What happens if I miss a dose?


Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include vomiting, stomach pain, numbness or tingling, muscle twitching, feeling light-headed, fainting, shallow breathing, coldness, or seizure (convulsions).


What should I avoid while taking methylergonovine?


Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with methylergonovine and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor.


Methylergonovine side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • pain, swelling, warmth, or redness under your skin;




  • seizure (convulsions);




  • feeling like you might pass out;




  • pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest;




  • slow heart rate, trouble breathing;




  • blood in your urine;




  • severe weakness, muscle cramps, confusion, slurred speech, fainting;




  • hallucinations;




  • chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, general ill feeling; or




  • dangerously high blood pressure (severe headache, blurred vision, buzzing in your ears, anxiety, confusion, chest pain, shortness of breath, uneven heartbeats, seizure).



Less serious side effects may include:



  • nausea, mild stomach pain or vomiting, diarrhea;




  • increased sweating, mild skin rash;




  • leg cramps;




  • mild headache, dizziness;




  • ringing in your ears;




  • stuffy nose; or




  • unpleasant taste in your mouth.



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


Methylergonovine Dosing Information


Usual Adult Dose for Postpartum Bleeding:

For the prevention and control of postpartum hemorrhage:

0.2 mg intramuscularly or intravenously (see precautions) after delivery of the anterior shoulder, after delivery of the placenta, or during the puerperium. May be repeated as required, at intervals of 2 to 4 hours.

0.2 mg orally 3 or 4 times daily in the puerperium for a maximum of 1 week.


What other drugs will affect methylergonovine?


Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially:



  • epinephrine (EpiPen, Adrenaclick, Twinject);




  • zileuton (Zyflo);




  • antibiotics such as clarithromycin (Biaxin) or erythromycin (E.E.S., EryPed, Ery-Tab, Erythrocin, Pediazole);




  • an antidepressant such as nefazodone, fluoxetine (Prozac, Rapiflux, Sarafem, Selfemra, Symbyax), or fluvoxamine (Luvox);




  • antifungal medication such as clotrimazole (Mycelex Troche), fluconazole (Diflucan), itraconazole (Sporanox), ketoconazole (Nizoral), miconazole (Oravig), or voriconazole (Vfend);




  • cold or allergy medicine that contains a decongestant (phenylephrine or pseudoephedrine);




  • other ergot medicines such as ergotamine (Ergomar, Cafergot, Migergot), dihydroergotamine (D.H.E. 45, Migranal), or ergonovine (Ergotrate); or




  • HIV medicines such as delaviridine (Rescriptor), indinavir (Crixivan), ritonavir (Norvir, Kaletra), saquinavir (Invirase), or nelfinavir (Viracept).



This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with methylergonovine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More methylergonovine resources


  • Methylergonovine Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Methylergonovine Dosage
  • Methylergonovine Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Methylergonovine Drug Interactions
  • Methylergonovine Support Group
  • 3 Reviews for Methylergonovine - Add your own review/rating


Compare methylergonovine with other medications


  • Migraine
  • Postpartum Bleeding


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about methylergonovine.

See also: methylergonovine side effects (in more detail)


Wednesday 28 March 2012

Boots Derma Care Itch Relief Cream





Boots Derma Care Itch Relief Cream



(Crotamiton)



  • Effective relief of itching

  • Works for up to 10 hours

  • For relief of itching and skin irritation caused by:
    • Itchy dermatitis

    • Dry eczema

    • Allergic rashes


A cream for the relief of itching and skin irritation caused by:



  • Itchy dermatitis


  • Dry eczema


  • Allergic rashes


  • Chickenpox


  • Insect bites and stings


  • Hives, nettle rash


  • Sunburn


  • Heat rashes


  • Personal itching

Suitable for adults and children; consult your doctor before use on children under 3 years of age.



Do not use: in or around the eyes, on broken skin, for weeping skin conditions or if you are sensitive to any of the ingredients.



Cautions: Derma Care Itch Relief Cream is not recommended in pregnancy.



Nursing mothers should avoid applying Derma Care Itch Relief Cream in the area of the nipples. Consult your doctor or pharmacist before using Derma Care Itch Relief Cream if you are breast feeding, or suffering from genital itching.



Methyl hydroxybenzoate may irritate the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.



Directions: Apply to the affected area 2 to 3 times daily. Irritation will be relieved for 6 to 10 hours. If symptoms persist consult your doctor. Derma Care Itch Relief Cream can be used for children. For children under 3 years of age consult your doctor before use and do not apply more than once a day.



Unwanted effects: Derma Care Itch Relief Cream may occasionally cause skin irritation or allergy. If this occurs or if you experience other symptoms stop using the product and consult your doctor. If Derma Care Itch Relief Cream is accidentally swallowed, contact your nearest hospital casualty department or tell your doctor immediately.



Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.



Protect from heat. Do not use after the expiry date given.



Active ingredient: Crotamiton 10% w/w



Also contains: methyl hydroxybenzoate E218, phenylethyl alcohol, glycerol, triethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulphate, ethylene glycol monostearate, stearyl alcohol, strong ammonia solution, stearic acid, hard paraffin, white beeswax, perfume and purified water.



Manufactured for




The Boots Company PLC

Nottingham

NG2 3AA



by the Marketing Authorisation holder




Novartis Consumer Health

Horsham

RH12 5AB




PL 00030/0092



Text Prepared: March 2010



For external use only



30 g, 100 g






Sunday 25 March 2012

ChlorTan D


Generic Name: chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine (KLOR fen IR a meen and FEN il EFF rin)

Brand Names: Actifed Cold & Allergy, Allan Tannate Pediatric, Allerest PE, AlleRx, BP Allergy JR, C Phen, Cardec, Ceron, Chlor-Mes Jr, ChlorTan D, Cold & Allergy Relief, CP Dec, Dallergy Drops, Dallergy-JR, Dec-Chlorphen, Ed A-Hist, Ed ChlorPed D, Histadec, Nasohist Pediatric, NoHist, Ny-Tannic, PD-Hist D, PD-Hist D Drops, PediaTan D, Phenchlor Tannate Pediatric, R-Tanna, Relera, Rinate Pediatric, Rondec, Rondex, Rynatan, Rynatan Pediatric, Sildec-PE, Sinus & Allergy Maximum Strength, Sinus & Allergy PE, Sonahist, Sudafed PE Sinus & Allergy, Tanahist-D, Triaminic Cold & Allergy


What is ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?

Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.


Phenylephrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose).


The combination of chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine is used to treat symptoms of the common cold or seasonal allergies, including sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, and itchy, watery eyes.


Chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?


There are many brands and forms of this medication available and not all brands are listed on this leaflet.


Do not use chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to chlorpheniramine or phenylephrine, or if you have severe high blood pressure or coronary artery disease, narrow-angle glaucoma, a stomach ulcer, or if you are unable to urinate.

Do not use this medication during an asthma attack.


This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine. Older adults may be more likely to have side effects from this medicine. Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children.

Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment, or if you have a fever with a headache, cough, or skin rash.


What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?


Do not use chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to chlorpheniramine or phenylephrine, or if you have:

  • severe or uncontrolled high blood pressure;




  • severe coronary artery disease;




  • narrow angle glaucoma;




  • a stomach ulcer;




  • if you are unable to urinate; or




  • if you are having an asthma attack.



Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to take this medication if you have:


  • kidney disease;

  • liver disease;


  • diabetes;




  • glaucoma;




  • circulation problems;




  • heart disease or high blood pressure;




  • overactive thyroid;




  • a seizure disorder such as epilepsy;




  • asthma, emphysema or chronic bronchitis; or




  • urination problems or an enlarged prostate.




It is not known whether chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine is harmful to an unborn baby. Do not take this medication with a doctor's advice if you are pregnant. It is not known whether chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Older adults may be more likely to have side effects from this medicine.

Artificially sweetened liquid cold medicine may contain phenylalanine. If you have phenylketonuria (PKU), check the medication label to see if the product contains phenylalanine.


How should I take ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?


Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Cold medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.


Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children. Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release tablet or capsule. Swallow it whole. Breaking or opening the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.

The chewable tablet must be chewed before swallowing.


Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.


Talk with your doctor if your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment, or if you have a fever with a headache, cough, or skin rash.


This medication can cause unusual results with allergy skin tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are taking an antihistamine.


If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time if you have taken a cold medicine within the past few days.


Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?


Since cold medicine is taken as needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

Overdose symptoms may include some of the serious side effects listed in this medication guide.


What should I avoid while taking ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?


This medication may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine. Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cold, allergy, or sleep medicine. Chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine are contained in many combination medicines. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much of a certain drug. Check the label to see if a medicine contains an antihistamine or decongestant.

Avoid taking this medication if you also take diet pills, caffeine pills, or other stimulants (such as ADHD medications). Taking a stimulant together with a decongestant can increase your risk of unpleasant side effects.


ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine) side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • fast or pounding heartbeats;




  • confusion, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior;




  • severe dizziness, anxiety, restless feeling, nervousness;




  • urinating less than usual or not at all;




  • easy bruising or bleeding, unusual weakness; or




  • seizure (black-out or convulsions).



Less serious side effects may include:



  • blurred vision;




  • dry nose or mouth;




  • nausea, stomach pain, constipation, loss of appetite;




  • dizziness, drowsiness;




  • problems with memory or concentration;




  • ringing in your ears; or




  • feeling restless or excited (especially in children).



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1 800 FDA 1088.


What other drugs will affect ChlorTan D (chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine)?


Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you regularly use other medicines that make you sleepy (such as other cold or allergy medicine, sedatives, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression, or anxiety). They can add to sleepiness caused by chlorpheniramine.

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially:



  • mecamylamine (Inversine);




  • methyldopa (Aldomet);




  • reserpine;




  • a beta-blocker such as atenolol (Tenormin, Tenoretic), carvedilol (Coreg), labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol), nadolol (Corgard), propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran), sotalol (Betapace), and others;




  • a barbiturate such as butabarbital (Butisol), secobarbital (Seconal), pentobarbital (Nembutal), or phenobarbital (Solfoton); or




  • an antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Vanatrip), doxepin (Sinequan), nortriptyline (Pamelor), and others.



This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More ChlorTan D resources


  • ChlorTan D Side Effects (in more detail)
  • ChlorTan D Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • ChlorTan D Drug Interactions
  • ChlorTan D Support Group
  • 0 Reviews for ChlorTan D - Add your own review/rating


  • AlleRx Suspension MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Cardec Drops MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Dallergy-JR Sustained-Release Capsules MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Ny-Tannic MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Relera Controlled-Release Tablets MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Rondec MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Rynatan Prescribing Information (FDA)

  • Sonahist Prescribing Information (FDA)



Compare ChlorTan D with other medications


  • Cold Symptoms
  • Hay Fever


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about chlorpheniramine and phenylephrine.

See also: ChlorTan D side effects (in more detail)


Cortagel Extra Strength



Generic Name: hydrocortisone (Topical application route)

hye-droe-KOR-ti-sone

Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.


  • Ala-Cort

  • Ala-Scalp HP

  • Anusol HC

  • Aquanil HC

  • Beta HC

  • Caldecort

  • Cetacort

  • Corta-Cap

  • Cortagel Extra Strength

  • Cortaid

  • CortAlo With Aloe

  • Corticaine

  • Corticool Maximum Strength

  • Cortizone-10

  • Cortizone-5

  • Cotacort

  • Delacort

  • Dermarest

  • Dermtex-HC

  • Foille Cort

  • Gly-Cort

  • Hydrozone Plus

  • Hytone

  • Instacort-10

  • Ivy Soothe

  • IvyStat

  • Keratol HC

  • Kericort 10

  • Lacticare-HC

  • Locoid

  • Locoid Lipocream

  • Medi-Cortisone Maximum Strength

  • Microcort

  • Mycin Scalp

  • Neutrogena T/Scalp

  • NuCort

  • Nupercainal HC

  • Nutracort

  • Pandel

  • Pediaderm HC Kit

  • Preparation H Hydrocortisone

  • Proctocream-HC

  • Recort Plus

  • Sarnol-HC Maximum Strength

  • Scalacort

  • Scalpcort

  • Summer's Eve Specialcare

  • Texacort

  • Therasoft Anti-Itch & Dermatitis

  • U-Cort

  • Westcort

In Canada


  • Barriere-Hc

  • Cortate

  • Cort-Eze

  • Cortoderm Mild Ointment

  • Cortoderm Regular Ointment

  • Emo-Cort

  • Emo-Cort Scalp Solution

  • Hydrocortisone Cream

  • Novo-Hydrocort

  • Novo-Hydrocort Cream

  • Prevex Hc

  • Sarna Hc

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Solution

  • Cream

  • Spray

  • Lotion

  • Ointment

  • Pad

  • Liquid

  • Gel/Jelly

  • Kit

  • Foam

  • Stick

  • Paste

Therapeutic Class: Corticosteroid, Weak


Pharmacologic Class: Adrenal Glucocorticoid


Uses For Cortagel Extra Strength


Hydrocortisone topical is used to help relieve redness, itching, swelling, or other discomfort caused by skin conditions. This medicine is a corticosteroid (cortisone-like medicine or steroid).


This medicine is available both over-the-counter (OTC) and with your doctor's prescription.


Before Using Cortagel Extra Strength


In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


Appropriate studies performed to date have not demonstrated pediatric-specific problems that would limit the usefulness of hydrocortisone topical in the pediatric population. However, because of this medicine's toxicity, it should be used with caution. Children may absorb large amounts through the skin, which can cause serious side effects. If your child is using this medicine, follow your doctor's instructions very carefully.


Geriatric


No information is available on the relationship of age to the effects of hydrocortisone topical in geriatric patients.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.


Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.


Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Cushing's syndrome (adrenal gland disorder) or

  • Diabetes or

  • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) or

  • Intracranial hypertension (increased pressure in the head)—Use with caution. May make these conditions worse.

  • Infection of the skin at or near the place of application or

  • Large sores, broken skin, or severe skin injury at the place of application—The chance of side effects may be increased.

Proper Use of hydrocortisone

This section provides information on the proper use of a number of products that contain hydrocortisone. It may not be specific to Cortagel Extra Strength. Please read with care.


It is very important that you use this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often, and do not use it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. To do so may cause unwanted side effects or skin irritation.


This medicine is for use on the skin only. Do not get it in your eyes. Do not use it on skin areas that have cuts, scrapes, or burns. If it does get on these areas, rinse it off right away with water.


This medicine should only be used for skin conditions that your doctor is treating. Check with your doctor before using it for other conditions, especially if you think that a skin infection may be present. This medicine should not be used to treat certain kinds of skin infections or conditions, such as severe burns.


To use:


  • Wash your hands with soap and water before and after using this medicine.

  • Apply a thin layer of this medicine to the affected area of the skin. Rub it in gently.

  • With the lotion, shake it well before using.

  • Do not bandage or otherwise wrap the skin being treated unless directed to do so by your doctor.

  • If the medicine is applied to the diaper area of an infant, do not use tight-fitting diapers or plastic pants unless directed to do so by your doctor.

  • If your doctor ordered an occlusive dressing or airtight covering to be applied over the medicine, make sure you know how to apply it. Occlusive dressings increase the amount of medicine absorbed through your skin, so use them only as directed. If you have any questions about this, check with your doctor.

Dosing


The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


  • For redness, itching, and swelling of the skin:
    • For topical dosage form (cream):
      • Adults—Apply to the affected area of the skin two or three times per day.

      • Children—Apply to the affected area of the skin two or three times per day.


    • For topical dosage form (lotion):
      • Adults—Apply to the affected area of the skin two to four times per day.

      • Children—Apply to the affected area of the skin two to four times per day.


    • For topical dosage form (ointment):
      • Adults—Apply to the affected area of the skin three or four times per day.

      • Children—Apply to the affected area of the skin three or four times per day.


    • For topical dosage form (solution):
      • Adults—Apply to the affected area of the skin three or four times per day.

      • Children—Apply to the affected area of the skin three or four times per day.



Missed Dose


If you miss a dose of this medicine, apply it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule.


Storage


Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.


Keep out of the reach of children.


Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.


Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.


Precautions While Using Cortagel Extra Strength


It is very important that your doctor check your or your child's progress at regular visits for any unwanted effects that may be caused by this medicine.


If your or your child's symptoms do not improve within a few days, or if they become worse, check with your doctor.


Using too much of this medicine or using it for a long time may increase your risk of having adrenal gland problems. The risk is greater for children and patients who use large amounts for a long time. Talk to your doctor right away if you or your child have more than one of these symptoms while you are using this medicine: blurred vision; dizziness or fainting; a fast, irregular, or pounding heartbeat; increased thirst or urination; irritability; or unusual tiredness or weakness.


Stop using this medicine and check with your doctor right away if you or your child have a skin rash, burning, stinging, swelling, or irritation on the skin.


Do not use cosmetics or other skin care products on the treated areas.


Cortagel Extra Strength Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.


Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:


Incidence not known
  • Blistering, burning, crusting, dryness, or flaking of the skin

  • irritation

  • itching, scaling, severe redness, soreness, or swelling of the skin

  • redness and scaling around the mouth

  • thinning of the skin with easy bruising, especially when used on the face or where the skin folds together (e.g. between the fingers)

  • thinning, weakness, or wasting away of the skin

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


Incidence not known
  • Acne or pimples

  • burning and itching of the skin with pinhead-sized red blisters

  • burning, itching, and pain in hairy areas, or pus at the root of the hair

  • increased hair growth on the forehead, back, arms, and legs

  • lightening of normal skin color

  • lightening of treated areas of dark skin

  • reddish purple lines on the arms, face, legs, trunk, or groin

  • softening of the skin

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.



The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.


The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.


More Cortagel Extra Strength resources


  • Cortagel Extra Strength Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Cortagel Extra Strength Drug Interactions
  • Cortagel Extra Strength Support Group
  • 15 Reviews for Cortagel Extra Strength - Add your own review/rating


Compare Cortagel Extra Strength with other medications


  • Anal Itching
  • Aphthous Stomatitis, Recurrent
  • Atopic Dermatitis
  • Dermatitis
  • Eczema
  • Gingivitis
  • Hemorrhoids
  • Proctitis
  • Pruritus
  • Psoriasis
  • Seborrheic Dermatitis
  • Skin Rash
  • Ulcerative Colitis, Active

sodium hyaluronate injection


Generic Name: sodium hyaluronate (injection) (SO dee um HYE al yoo RON ate)

Brand Names: Euflexxa, Hyalgan, Supartz


What is sodium hyaluronate?

Sodium hyaluronate is similar to the fluid that surrounds the joints in your body. This fluid acts as a lubricant and shock absorber for the joints.


Sodium hyaluronate is used to treat knee pain caused by osteoarthritis.


Sodium hyaluronate is usually given after other arthritis medications have been tried without successful treatment of symptoms.


Sodium hyaluronate may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about sodium hyaluronate?


You should not receive sodium hyaluronate if you are allergic to it, or if you have an infection in your knee or in the skin around your knee.

Before you receive a sodium hyaluronate injection, tell your doctor if you have blood clots or circulation problems in your legs, or an allergy to birds, feathers, or egg products.


For at least 48 hours after your injection, avoid jogging, strenuous activity, high-impact sports, or standing for longer than 1 hour at a time.


Call your doctor at once if you have severe pain or swelling around the knee after the injection.

What should I discuss with my health care provider before receiving sodium hyaluronate?


You should not receive sodium hyaluronate if you are allergic to it, or if you have an infection in your knee or in the skin around your knee.

To make sure you can safely receive sodium hyaluronate, tell your doctor if you have:



  • blood clots or circulation problems in your legs; or




  • an allergy to birds, feathers, or egg products.




It is not known whether sodium hyaluronate will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication. It is not known whether sodium hyaluronate passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How is sodium hyaluronate given?


Sodium hyaluronate is injected directly into your knee joint. A healthcare provider will give you this injection.


Sodium hyaluronate is usually given once every week for 3 to 5 weeks. Follow your doctor's dosing instructions very carefully.


To prevent pain and swelling, your doctor may recommend resting your knee or applying ice for a short time after your injection.


What happens if I miss a dose?


Call your doctor for instructions if you miss an appointment for your sodium hyaluronate injection.


What happens if I overdose?


Since this medication is given by a healthcare professional in a medical setting, an overdose is unlikely to occur.


What should I avoid after receiving sodium hyaluronate?


For at least 48 hours after your injection, avoid jogging, strenuous activity, or high-impact sports such as soccer or tennis. Also avoid weight-bearing activity or standing for longer than 1 hour at a time. Ask your doctor how long to wait before you resume these activities.


Sodium hyaluronate side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • severe pain or swelling around the knee after the injection;




  • fast heart rate, sweating, chills or shaking; or




  • heavy feeling, anxiety, confusion.



Less serious side effects may include:



  • warmth, pain, stiffness, swelling, or puffiness where the medicine was injected;




  • nausea, stomach pain;




  • headache;




  • back pain;




  • numbness or tingly feeling;




  • cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat;




  • tired feeling; or




  • itching or skin irritation around the knee.



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


Sodium hyaluronate Dosing Information


Usual Adult Dose for Osteoarthritis:

Hyalgan(R): 2 mL by intra-articular injection into the knee once weekly for 5 weeks
Supartz(TM): 2.5 mL by intra-articular injection into the knee once weekly for 5 weeks


What other drugs will affect sodium hyaluronate?


There may be other drugs that can interact with sodium hyaluronate. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More sodium hyaluronate resources


  • Sodium hyaluronate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Sodium hyaluronate Drug Interactions
  • Sodium hyaluronate Support Group
  • 28 Reviews for Sodium hyaluronate - Add your own review/rating


Compare sodium hyaluronate with other medications


  • Osteoarthritis


Where can I get more information?


  • Your doctor can provide more information about sodium hyaluronate.


Saturday 24 March 2012

Perdiem Fiber Caplet


Generic Name: polycarbophil (POL ee KAR boe fil)

Brand Names: Equalactin, Fiber Lax, FiberCon, Fiberlax, Fibernorm, Konsyl Fiber, Perdiem Fiber Caplet


What is Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil)?

Polycarbophil is a bulk-forming laxative that increases the amount of water in your stools to help make them softer and easier to pass.


Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation and to help maintain regular bowel movements.


Polycarbophil may also be used in some cases to treat diarrhea or irritable bowel syndrome.


Polycarbophil may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil)?


You should not use this medication if you are allergic to polycarbophil or to mineral oil, sodium laurel sulfate, or povidone (such as Betadine).

Before using polycarbophil, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have trouble swallowing, a blockage in your intestines, stomach pain with nausea or vomiting, a history of bleeding from your rectum, or a sudden change in your bowel habits that has lasted for 2 weeks or longer.


Ask your doctor before taking polycarbophil if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. The polycarbophil tablet may expand in your throat and cause you to choke if you do not use enough liquid to help swallow the pill. Be sure to drink a full 8-ounce glass of water or other liquid while swallowing the regular tablet or after chewing the chewable tablet.

Polycarbophil is usually taken up to 4 times per day. Do not take more than recommended by your doctor or listed on the medicine label.


Polycarbophil should cause you to have a bowel movement within 12 to 72 hours.


Do not take polycarbophil for longer than 7 days unless your doctor tells you to.

What should I discuss with my health care provider before taking Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil)?


You should not use this medication if you are allergic to polycarbophil or to mineral oil, sodium laurel sulfate, or povidone (such as Betadine).

Before using polycarbophil, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:



  • trouble swallowing;




  • a blockage in your intestines;




  • stomach pain with nausea or vomiting;




  • a history of bleeding from your rectum; or




  • a sudden change in your bowel habits that has lasted for 2 weeks or longer.



If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to take polycarbophil, or you may need a dose adjustment or special tests during treatment.


Ask your doctor before taking polycarbophil if you are pregnant or breast-feeding.

Some forms of polycarbophil may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using this medication if you have phenylketonuria (PKU).


Do not give this medicine to a young child without the advice of a doctor.

How should I take Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil)?


Use this medication exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended.


Take this medicine with a full glass (8 ounces) of water or other liquid. The tablet may expand in your throat and cause you to choke if you do not use enough liquid to help swallow the pill. Unless you need to restrict your fluid intake, drink plenty of fluids each day while you are taking polycarbophil.

The chewable tablet must be chewed before your swallow it.


Older adults may be more likely to choke while taking this medication. Be sure to drink a full glass of water while swallowing the regular tablet, or after chewing the chewable tablet.

Polycarbophil is usually taken up to 4 times per day. Do not take more of this medicine than recommended by your doctor or printed on the medicine label.


Polycarbophil should cause you to have a bowel movement within 12 to 72 hours. Call your doctor if your constipation does not improve after 3 days of taking this medication.


Do not take polycarbophil for longer than 7 days unless your doctor tells you to. Overuse of a laxative may cause damage to the nerves, muscles, or tissues in your intestines. Store polycarbophil at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?


Since polycarbophil is usually taken as needed, you will not be on a long-term dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication daily for up to 7 days, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.

An overdose of polycarbophil is not likely to produce life-threatening side effects.


What should I avoid while taking Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil)?


Avoid taking polycarbophil within 2 hours before or after you take any other medications. A laxative can make it harder for your body to absorb other medicines.


Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil) side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using polycarbophil and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • vomiting;




  • choking on the tablet;




  • trouble swallowing;




  • chest pain; or




  • rectal bleeding.



Less serious side effects may include:



  • mild stomach pain;




  • bloating; or




  • gas.



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


What other drugs will affect Perdiem Fiber Caplet (polycarbophil)?


There may be other drugs that can interact with polycarbophil. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More Perdiem Fiber Caplet resources


  • Perdiem Fiber Caplet Drug Interactions
  • Perdiem Fiber Caplet Support Group
  • 0 Reviews for Perdiem Fiber Caplet - Add your own review/rating


Compare Perdiem Fiber Caplet with other medications


  • Constipation


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about polycarbophil.


Friday 23 March 2012

Alamast


Generic Name: pemirolast (Ophthalmic route)

pem-IR-oh-last

Commonly used brand name(s)

In the U.S.


  • Alamast

Available Dosage Forms:


  • Solution

Therapeutic Class: Ophthalmologic Agent


Pharmacologic Class: Mast Cell Stabilizer


Uses For Alamast


Pemirolastis used to treat the itching in your eyes that happens with allergies.


Pemirolast works by preventing certain types of inflammatory cells from releasing irritating substances that cause allergic symptoms.


This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.


Before Using Alamast


In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For this medicine, the following should be considered:


Allergies


Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to this medicine or any other medicines. Also tell your health care professional if you have any other types of allergies, such as to foods, dyes, preservatives, or animals. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully.


Pediatric


This medicine has been tested in children 3 years of age and older and, in effective doses, has not been shown to cause different side effects or problems than it does in adults.


Geriatric


There is no specific information available comparing the use of pemirolast in the elderly with use in other age groups.


Pregnancy








Pregnancy CategoryExplanation
All TrimestersCAnimal studies have shown an adverse effect and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women OR no animal studies have been conducted and there are no adequate studies in pregnant women.

Breast Feeding


There are no adequate studies in women for determining infant risk when using this medication during breastfeeding. Weigh the potential benefits against the potential risks before taking this medication while breastfeeding.


Interactions with Medicines


Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. Tell your healthcare professional if you are taking any other prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicine.


Interactions with Food/Tobacco/Alcohol


Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. Discuss with your healthcare professional the use of your medicine with food, alcohol, or tobacco.


Other Medical Problems


The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of this medicine. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:


  • Contact lens–related irritation—Pemirolast should not be used to treat this condition

Proper Use of Alamast


Pemirolast is used to help treat the itching that often occurs with allergic conjunctivitis.


  • To use the eye drops form of this medicine:
    • First, wash your hands. Then tilt the head back and, pressing your finger gently on the skin just beneath the lower eyelid, pull the lower eyelid away from the eye to make a space. Drop the medicine into this space. Let go of the eyelid and gently close the eyes. Blink a few times to make sure the eye is covered with the medicine.

    • To keep the medicine as germ-free as possible, do not touch the applicator tip to any surface (including the eye). Also, keep the container tightly closed. Serious damage to the eye and possible loss of vision may result from using contaminated eye drops.


Dosing


The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.


The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine.


Use this medicine only as directed. Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered.


  • For ophthalmic dosage form (eye drops):
    • For eye allergies:
      • Adults and children 3 years of age and older—Use one to two drops in each affected eye four times a day.

      • Children up to 3 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.



Missed Dose


If you miss a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.


Storage


Store the medicine in a closed container at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and direct light. Keep from freezing.


Keep out of the reach of children.


Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed.


Ask your healthcare professional how you should dispose of any medicine you do not use.


Precautions While Using Alamast


You should avoid wearing contact lenses when your eyes are red and irritated from your allergies.


For patients who continue to wear contact lenses and whose eyes are not red, be certain to wait at least 10 minutes after applying pemirolast to your eyes before replacing any contact lenses normally worn.


Alamast Side Effects


Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.


Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:


Less common
  • Cough (mucus-producing)

  • headache (severe)

  • stomach pain and cramping

  • pain and tenderness around eyes and cheekbones

  • painful menstrual bleeding

  • runny or stuffy nose

  • tightness in chest

  • troubled breathing

Some side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome or if you have any questions about them:


More common
  • Chills

  • cough

  • fever

  • sneezing

  • sore throat

Less common
  • Back pain

  • burning feeling in eye

  • eyelid swelling

  • eye dryness

  • foreign body feeling in eye

  • general feeling of eye discomfort

  • increased itching of the eye

  • redness of the eye

Other side effects not listed may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your healthcare professional.


Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

See also: Alamast side effects (in more detail)



The information contained in the Thomson Reuters Micromedex products as delivered by Drugs.com is intended as an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatment. It is not a substitute for a medical exam, nor does it replace the need for services provided by medical professionals. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before taking any prescription or over the counter drugs (including any herbal medicines or supplements) or following any treatment or regimen. Only your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist can provide you with advice on what is safe and effective for you.


The use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products is at your sole risk. These products are provided "AS IS" and "as available" for use, without warranties of any kind, either express or implied. Thomson Reuters Healthcare and Drugs.com make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, timeliness, usefulness or completeness of any of the information contained in the products. Additionally, THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE OPINIONS OR OTHER SERVICE OR DATA YOU MAY ACCESS, DOWNLOAD OR USE AS A RESULT OF USE OF THE THOMSON REUTERS HEALTHCARE PRODUCTS. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE ARE HEREBY EXCLUDED. Thomson Reuters Healthcare does not assume any responsibility or risk for your use of the Thomson Reuters Healthcare products.


More Alamast resources


  • Alamast Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Alamast Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Alamast Support Group
  • 2 Reviews for Alamast - Add your own review/rating


  • Alamast Prescribing Information (FDA)

  • Alamast Concise Consumer Information (Cerner Multum)

  • Alamast Monograph (AHFS DI)

  • Alamast MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)



Compare Alamast with other medications


  • Conjunctivitis, Allergic

Carmex


Generic Name: topical emollients (TOP i kal ee MOL i ents)

Brand Names: Aloe Vesta Cream, AlphaSoft, AmeriPhor, Aqua Glycolic, Aqua Lube, Aquaphor, Aveeno, Baby Lotion, Baby Oil, Bag Balm, Baza-Pro, Beta Care, Blistex Lip Balm, Carmex, CarraKlenz, CeraVe, CeraVe AM, Cetaphil Lotion, Chap Stick, Citraderm, CoolBottoms, Corn Huskers Lotion, Curel Moisture Lotion, Derma Soothe, Dr Scholl's Essentials Cracked Skin Repair, Eucerin, Herpecin-L, K-Y Jelly, Keri Lotion, Lamisilk Heel Balm, Lubri-Soft, Lubriderm, Mederma, Moisturel, Natural Ice, NeutrapHor, NeutrapHorus Rex, Neutrogena Cleansing, Neutrogena Lotion, Nivea, Nutraderm, Pacquin, Phisoderm, Pretty Feet & Hands, Proshield Skincare Kit, Remedy 4-in-1 Cleansing Lotion, Replens, Secura, Sensi-Care, Soft Sense, St. Ives, Theraplex Lotion, Vaseline Intensive Care


What are Carmex (topical emollients)?

Emollients are substances that moisten and soften your skin.


Topical (for the skin) emollients are used to treat or prevent dry skin. Topical emollients are sometimes contained in products that also treat acne, chapped lips, diaper rash, cold sores, or other minor skin irritation.


There are many brands and forms of topical emollients available and not all are listed on this leaflet.


Topical emollients may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about Carmex (topical emollients)?


You should not use a topical emollient if you are allergic to it. Topical emollients will not treat or prevent a skin infection.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using this medication if you have deep wounds or open sores, swelling, warmth, redness, oozing, bleeding, large areas of skin irritation, or any type of allergy.


What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before using Carmex (topical emollients)?


You should not use a topical emollient if you are allergic to it. Topical emollients will not treat or prevent a skin infection.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to use this medicine if you have:



  • deep wounds or open sores;




  • swelling, warmth, redness, oozing, or bleeding;




  • large areas of skin irritation;




  • any type of allergy; or



  • if you are pregnant or breast-feeding.

How should I use Carmex (topical emollients)?


Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.


Clean the skin where you will apply the topical emollient. It may help to apply this product when your skin is wet or damp. Follow directions on the product label.


Shake the product container if recommended on the label.

Apply a small amount of topical emollient to the affected area and rub in gently.


If you are using a stick, pad, or soap form of topical emollient, follow directions for use on the product label.


Do not use this product over large area of skin. Do not apply a topical emollient to a deep puncture wound or severe burn without medical advice.

If your skin appears white or gray and feels soggy, you may be applying too much topical emollient or using it too often.


Some forms of topical emollient may be flammable and should not be used near high heat or open flame, or applied while you are smoking.

Store as directed away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle, tube, or other container tightly closed when not in use.


What happens if I miss a dose?


Since this product is used as needed, it does not have a daily dosing schedule. Seek medical advice if your condition does not improve after using a topical emollient.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.

What should I avoid while taking Carmex (topical emollients)?


Avoid getting topical emollients in your eyes, nose, or mouth. If this does happen, rinse with water. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. Some topical emollients can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight or UV rays.

Carmex (topical emollients) side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using the topical emollient and call your doctor if you have severe burning, stinging, redness, or irritation where the product was applied.

Less serious side effects are more likely, and you may have none at all.


This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


What other drugs will affect Carmex (topical emollients)?


It is not likely that other drugs you take orally or inject will have an effect on topically applied products. But many drugs can interact with each other. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More Carmex resources


  • Carmex Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Carmex Support Group
  • 0 Reviews for Carmex - Add your own review/rating


  • Biafine Emulsion MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Campath Monograph (AHFS DI)

  • Campral Monograph (AHFS DI)

  • Camptosar Monograph (AHFS DI)

  • Diabinese Monograph (AHFS DI)

  • Kinerase Cream MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Neosalus Foam MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)

  • Promiseb Cream MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)



Compare Carmex with other medications


  • Dry Skin


Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about topical emollients.


Wednesday 21 March 2012

Methylphenidate Solution



Pronunciation: METH-il-FEN-i-date
Generic Name: Methylphenidate
Brand Name: Methylin

Use Methylphenidate Solution with caution if you have a history of emotional problems or alcohol or substance abuse. Abuse of Methylphenidate Solution may cause it to not work as well. Abuse may also lead to addiction and severe mental changes. Do not suddenly stop using Methylphenidate Solution. Depression and other mental problems may occur. Your doctor should slowly lower your dose over a period of time if you need to stop using it.





Methylphenidate Solution is used for:

Treating attention deficit disorder (ADD). It is also used to treat uncontrollable periods of daytime sleep (narcolepsy). It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.


Methylphenidate Solution is a central nervous system stimulant. Exactly how it works is not known.


Do NOT use Methylphenidate Solution if:


  • you are allergic to any ingredient in Methylphenidate Solution

  • you have severe anxiety, agitation, or tension

  • you have glaucoma

  • you have motor tics (involuntary movements), Tourette syndrome, or a family history of Tourette syndrome

  • you have serious heart problems (eg, heart defect, irregular heartbeat)

  • you are taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) (eg, phenelzine) or have taken an MAOI within the past 14 days

Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.



Before using Methylphenidate Solution:


Some medical conditions may interact with Methylphenidate Solution. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:


  • if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding

  • if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement

  • if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances

  • if you have a history of high blood pressure, heart problems (eg, heart failure, fast or irregular heartbeat), or a recent heart attack, or if a family member has a history of irregular heartbeat or sudden death

  • if you have a history of seizures or abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs)

  • if you have a history of overactive thyroid, chronic fatigue, cystic fibrosis, or stomach or bowel problems (eg, blockage, inflammation, narrowing)

  • if you have a history of mood or mental problems (eg, agitation, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, psychosis, tension), abnormal thoughts, hallucinations, suicidal thoughts or attempts, or alcohol or other substance abuse or dependence, or if a family member has a history of any of these problems

Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Methylphenidate Solution. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:


  • MAOIs (eg, phenelzine) because severe high blood pressure may occur

  • Clonidine because serious side effects may occur

  • Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), certain anticonvulsants (eg, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone), phenylbutazone, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (eg, fluoxetine), or tricyclic antidepressants (eg, imipramine) because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Methylphenidate Solution

  • Medicines for high blood pressure (eg, guanethidine, metoprolol) because their effectiveness may be decreased by Methylphenidate Solution

This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Methylphenidate Solution may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.


How to use Methylphenidate Solution:


Use Methylphenidate Solution as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.


  • Methylphenidate Solution comes with an extra patient information sheet called a Medication Guide. Read it carefully. Read it again each time you get Methylphenidate Solution refilled.

  • Take Methylphenidate Solution by mouth 30 to 45 minutes before eating unless your doctor tells you otherwise.

  • Use a measuring device marked for medicine dosing. Ask your pharmacist for help if you are unsure of how to measure your dose.

  • You may have trouble sleeping while taking Methylphenidate Solution. If this occurs, taking your last dose before 6 pm may help. Check with your doctor before you change the way that you take Methylphenidate Solution. If trouble sleeping continues, talk with your doctor.

  • If you miss a dose of Methylphenidate Solution, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Methylphenidate Solution.



Important safety information:


  • Methylphenidate Solution may cause dizziness or drowsiness. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Methylphenidate Solution with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.

  • Do NOT take more than the recommended dose without checking with your doctor.

  • If your symptoms do not get better within 1 month or if they get worse, check with your doctor.

  • Serious effects, including heart attack, stroke, and sudden death, have occurred with the use of stimulant medicines in patients with heart defects or other serious heart problems. If you have a heart defect or another serious problem, talk with your doctor about other therapies to treat your condition.

  • Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Methylphenidate Solution before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.

  • Lab tests, including blood pressure, heart function, complete blood cell counts, and platelet counts, may be performed while you use Methylphenidate Solution. These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.

  • Methylphenidate Solution may affect growth rate and weight gain in CHILDREN and teenagers in some cases. They may need regular growth and weight checks while they take Methylphenidate Solution.

  • Caution is advised when using Methylphenidate Solution in CHILDREN; they may be more sensitive to its effects, especially loss of appetite, stomach pain, weight loss, trouble sleeping, and fast heartbeat.

  • Methylphenidate Solution should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 6 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.

  • PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: If you become pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Methylphenidate Solution while you are pregnant. It is not known if Methylphenidate Solution is found in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you use Methylphenidate Solution, check with your doctor. Discuss any possible risks to your baby.

When used for long periods of time or at high doses, Methylphenidate Solution may not work as well and may require higher doses to obtain the same effect as when originally taken. This is known as TOLERANCE. Talk with your doctor if Methylphenidate Solution stops working well. Do not take more than prescribed.


Some people who use Methylphenidate Solution for a long time may develop a need to continue taking it. People who take high doses are also at risk. This is known as DEPENDENCE or addiction. Do not suddenly stop taking Methylphenidate Solution. If you do, you may have WITHDRAWAL symptoms. These may include depression or other mental problems. If you need to stop Methylphenidate Solution, your doctor will lower your dose over time.



Possible side effects of Methylphenidate Solution:


All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:



Dizziness; drowsiness; headache; loss of appetite; nausea; nervousness; stomach pain; trouble sleeping.



Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue; joint pain; purple or brownish red spots on the skin); behavior changes (eg, aggression, hostility, restlessness); blurred vision or other vision problems; chest pain; confusion; dark urine; fainting; fast or irregular heartbeat; fever, chills, or sore throat; hallucinations; mental or mood changes (eg, agitation, anxiety, depression, irritability, panic attacks, persistent crying, unusual sadness); one-sided weakness; seizures; severe or persistent dizziness or headache; shortness of breath; slurred speech; suicidal thoughts or attempts; tremor; uncontrolled speech or muscle movements; yellowing of the eyes or skin.



This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.


See also: Methylphenidate side effects (in more detail)


If OVERDOSE is suspected:


Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center, or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include confusion; dilated pupils; fast or irregular heartbeat; fever; flushing; hallucinations; loss of consciousness; muscle twitching; seizures; severe or persistent headache; tremors; unusual sweating; vomiting.


Proper storage of Methylphenidate Solution:

Store Methylphenidate Solution between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Methylphenidate Solution out of the reach of children and away from pets.


General information:


  • If you have any questions about Methylphenidate Solution, please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

  • Methylphenidate Solution is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.

  • If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.

  • Check with your pharmacist about how to dispose of unused medicine.

This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Methylphenidate Solution. If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.



Issue Date: February 1, 2012

Database Edition 12.1.1.002

Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

More Methylphenidate resources


  • Methylphenidate Side Effects (in more detail)
  • Methylphenidate Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Drug Images
  • Methylphenidate Drug Interactions
  • Methylphenidate Support Group
  • 242 Reviews for Methylphenidate - Add your own review/rating


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Monday 19 March 2012

Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid


Generic Name: acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine (a SEET a MIN oh fen, KLOR fen EER a meen, DEX troe meth OR fan, SOO doe ee FED rin)

Brand Names: Alka-Seltzer Plus Cough and Cold Liquigel, Children's Tylenol Flu, Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid, Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Tablet, Robitussin Flu, Robitussin Honey Flu Nighttime, Theraflu (pseudoephedrine) Cold & Cough, Theraflu Flu & Cough, Theraflu Night Cough and Cold and Flu, Theraflu Nightime Maximum Strength, Theraflu Severe Cold & Congestion, Triaminic Cold and Fever, Triaminic Flu, Cough & Fever, Vicks 44 Cold, Flu and Cough, Vicks Formula 44M


What is Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid (acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine)?

Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer.


Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that reduces the natural chemical histamine in the body. Histamine can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose.


Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant. It affects the signals in the brain that trigger cough reflex.


Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that shrinks blood vessels in the nasal passages. Dilated blood vessels can cause nasal congestion (stuffy nose).


The combination of acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine is used to treat headache, fever, body aches, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and sinus congestion caused by allergies, the common cold, or the flu.


Dextromethorphan will not treat a cough that is caused by smoking.

Acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.


What is the most important information I should know about this medication?


Do not take more of this medication than is recommended. An overdose of acetaminophen can damage your liver or cause death. Do not take this medication without a doctor's advice if you have ever had alcoholic liver disease (cirrhosis) or if you drink more than 3 alcoholic beverages per day. Do not use cold medicine if you have untreated or uncontrolled diseases such as glaucoma, asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, high blood pressure, heart disease, coronary artery disease, or overactive thyroid. Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of liver damage while taking acetaminophen. Do not use this medication if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects. Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cold, allergy, pain, or sleep medication. Acetaminophen (sometimes abbreviated as APAP) is contained in many combination medicines. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much acetaminophen which can lead to a fatal overdose.

What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking this medication?


Do not take this medication without a doctor's advice if you have ever had alcoholic liver disease (cirrhosis) or if you drink more than 3 alcoholic beverages per day. You may not be able to take medicine that contains acetaminophen. Do not use cold medicine if you have untreated or uncontrolled diseases such as glaucoma, asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, high blood pressure, heart disease, coronary artery disease, or overactive thyroid. You should not use this medication if you have severe constipation, a blockage in your stomach or intestines, or if you are unable to urinate. Do not use a cold medicine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) in the last 14 days. A dangerous drug interaction could occur, leading to serious side effects.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist if it is safe for you to take this medicine if you have:



  • liver disease, cirrhosis, or a history of alcoholism;




  • a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines);




  • diabetes;




  • kidney disease;




  • epilepsy or other seizure disorder;




  • cough with mucus, or cough caused by emphysema or chronic bronchitis;




  • enlarged prostate or urination problems;




  • pheochromocytoma (an adrenal gland tumor); or




  • if you take potassium (Cytra, Epiklor, K-Lyte, K-Phos, Kaon, Klor-Con, Polycitra, Urocit-K).




It is not known whether acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine will harm an unborn baby. Do not use cold medicine without medical advice if you are pregnant. This medication may pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use cold medicine without medical advice if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How should I take Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid (acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine)?


Use exactly as directed on the label, or as prescribed by your doctor. Do not use in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Cold medicine is usually taken only for a short time until your symptoms clear up.


Do not take more of this medication than is recommended. An overdose of acetaminophen can damage your liver or cause death.

Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.


The chewable tablet must be chewed thoroughly before you swallow it.


Dissolve one packet of the powder in at least 4 ounces of water. Stir this mixture and drink all of it right away.


Do not give this medication to a child younger than 4 years old. Always ask a doctor before giving a cough or cold medicine to a child. Death can occur from the misuse of cough and cold medicines in very young children.

Do not take for longer than 7 days in a row. Stop taking the medicine and call your doctor if you still have a fever after 3 days of use, you still have pain after 7 days (or 5 days if treating a child), if your symptoms get worse, or if you have a skin rash, ongoing headache, or any redness or swelling.


If you need surgery or medical tests, tell the surgeon or doctor ahead of time if you have taken a cold medicine within the past few days. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Do not allow liquid medicine to freeze.

What happens if I miss a dose?


Since cold medicine is taken when needed, you may not be on a dosing schedule. If you are taking the medication regularly, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.


What happens if I overdose?


Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1 800 222 1222. An overdose of acetaminophen can be fatal.

The first signs of an acetaminophen overdose include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, sweating, and confusion or weakness. Later symptoms may include pain in your upper stomach, dark urine, and yellowing of your skin or the whites of your eyes.


What should I avoid while taking this medication?


Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any other cold, allergy, pain, or sleep medication. Acetaminophen (sometimes abbreviated as APAP) is contained in many combination medicines. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much acetaminophen which can lead to a fatal overdose. Check the label to see if a medicine contains acetaminophen or APAP. Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of liver damage while taking acetaminophen. This medicine may cause blurred vision or impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert and able to see clearly.

This medication side effects


Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have a serious side effect such as:

  • fast or pounding heartbeats, severe restless feeling or nervousness;




  • mood changes, confusion, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior;




  • tremor, seizure (convulsions);




  • easy bruising or bleeding, unusual weakness;




  • urinating less than usual or not at all;




  • feeling short of breath;




  • nausea, pain in your upper stomach, itching, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of your skin or eyes); or




  • dangerously high blood pressure (severe headache, blurred vision, buzzing in your ears, anxiety, chest pain, shortness of breath, uneven heartbeats, seizure).



Less serious side effects may include:



  • dizziness, drowsiness;




  • dry mouth, nose, or throat;




  • constipation or diarrhea;




  • blurred vision; or




  • feeling nervous or restless.



This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.


What other drugs will affect Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid (acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine)?


Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine if you regularly use other medicines that make you sleepy (such as narcotic pain medication, sedatives, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety). They can add to sleepiness caused by chlorpheniramine.

Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially:



  • leflunomide (Arava);




  • topiramate (Topamax);




  • zonisamide (Zonegran);




  • an antibiotic, antifungal medicine, sulfa drug, or tuberculosis medicine;




  • an antidepressant;




  • birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy;




  • bladder or urinary medications;




  • blood pressure medication;




  • a bronchodilator;




  • cancer medicine;




  • cholesterol-lowering medications such as Lipitor, Niaspan, Zocor, Vytorin, and others;




  • gout or arthritis medications (including gold injections);




  • HIV/AIDS medication;




  • medication for nausea and vomiting, stomach ulcers, or irritable bowel syndrome;




  • medicines to treat psychiatric disorders;




  • an NSAID such as Advil, Aleve, Arthrotec, Cataflam, Celebrex, Indocin, Motrin, Naprosyn, Treximet, Voltaren, others; or




  • seizure medication.



This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.



More Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid resources


  • Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid Use in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
  • Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid Drug Interactions
  • 0 Reviews for Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength - Add your own review/rating


  • Vicks Formula 44M Liquid MedFacts Consumer Leaflet (Wolters Kluwer)



Compare Comtrex Cold and Flu Maximum Strength Liquid with other medications


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Where can I get more information?


  • Your pharmacist can provide more information about acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine, dextromethorphan, and pseudoephedrine.